Abu Dawud

Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
LAM TANSHAB:
Not much time had passed over it,
that is, after only a short period.

(2)
FALAMMA TA'ALLAT MIN NIFASIHA:
When she became pure from the blood of childbirth,
i.e., when the postnatal bleeding (nifas) ended.

Benefits and Issues:
Abu Sanabil radi Allahu anhu had sent a proposal of marriage to Sabi'ah Aslamiyyah, and after him, Abu Bishr bin Harith radi Allahu anhu also sent a proposal.
Abu Bishr was younger compared to Abu Sanabil radi Allahu anhu.
Therefore, Abu Sanabil felt concerned that she might incline towards him, and since she had no guardian (wali) present, he thought,
the guardian would give preference to me.
For this reason, he said to her that she could not marry yet.
However, the issue on which the four Imams (a'immah arba'ah) are unanimous, and which is also the view of the majority of the Companions and Followers (tabi'in), is that when a woman is pregnant at the time of her husband's death or divorce, her waiting period (iddah) is completed as soon as she gives birth.
Whether the pregnancy ends after a few days or after nine or ten months. But the position of Ali radi Allahu anhu and Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhuma was that whichever is later between childbirth and four months and ten days,
that should be considered.
For example, if childbirth occurs after five months, then that will be considered, and if childbirth occurs before four months and ten days,
then the period of four months and ten days will be considered.
Thus, according to the majority of jurists (fuqaha), after giving birth, a woman can marry even during the period of postnatal bleeding (nifas).
However, the husband may have intercourse only after she becomes pure from the blood.
But according to Hasan Basri rahimahullah,
Shu'bi rahimahullah,
Ibrahim rahimahullah,
and Nakha'i rahimahullah, she may marry only after becoming pure from nifas.

Hazrat Sa'd bin Khawlah was a Muhajir (emigrant), but during the Farewell Pilgrimage (Hajjat al-Wada'), he passed away in Makkah al-Mukarramah itself. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) also expressed sorrow over this. Radi Allahu anhu wa ardaahu.

Urdu marginal note:
“When you have delivered the child,” meaning that the waiting period (iddah) is completed with childbirth (delivery of the child). However, since generally marriage is not contracted during the state of postnatal bleeding (nifas), therefore in some narrations it is stated, “when you become pure…etc.” Otherwise, nifas is not included in the waiting period (iddah).

Benefits and Issues:
➊ The meaning of preparing for marriage is that she took off the plain clothing of the waiting period (‘iddah) and put on good clothing and adorned herself.

➋ The request for a supplication of forgiveness meant that she thought she had made a mistake by breaking the restrictions of the waiting period (‘iddah) before its due time. The meaning of the statement of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is that the waiting period (‘iddah) has ended, therefore you have not made any mistake, so do not be distressed.