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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب تفريع أبواب الطلاقDivorce (Kitab Al-Talaq)
باب فِي اللِّعَانِChapter: Regarding Li’an (Mutual Cursing).
Hadith 2256
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبَّادُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ هِلَالُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ وَهُوَ أَحَدُ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ، فَجَاءَ مِنْ أَرْضِهِ عَشِيًّا ، فَوَجَدَ عِنْدَ أَهْلِهِ رَجُلًا فَرَأَى بِعَيْنِهِ وَسَمِعَ بِأُذُنِهِ ، فَلَمْ يَهِجْهُ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ ، ثُمَّ غَدَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنِّي جِئْتُ أَهْلِي عِشَاءً فَوَجَدْتُ عِنْدَهُمْ رَجُلًا ، فَرَأَيْتُ بِعَيْنَيَّ وَسَمِعْتُ بِأُذُنَيَّ ، فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ ، فَنَزَلَتْ : وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ إِلا أَنْفُسُهُمْ فَشَهَادَةُ أَحَدِهِمْ سورة النور آية 6 ، الْآيَتَيْنِ كِلْتَيْهِمَا ، فَسُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " أَبْشِرْ يَا هِلَالُ ، قَدْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَكَ فَرَجًا وَمَخْرَجًا " ، قَالَ هِلَالٌ : قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَبِّي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَرْسِلُوا إِلَيْهَا " ، فَجَاءَتْ ، فَتَلَاهَا عَلَيْهِمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَكَّرَهُمَا وَأَخْبَرَهُمَا أَنَّ عَذَابَ الْآخِرَةِ أَشَدُّ مِنْ عَذَابِ الدُّنْيَا ، فَقَالَ هِلَالٌ : وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَدَقْتُ عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : قَدْ كَذَبَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَاعِنُوا بَيْنَهُمَا " ، فَقِيلَ لِهِلَالٍ : اشْهَدْ ، فَشَهِدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْخَامِسَةُ ، قِيلَ لَهُ : يَا هِلَالُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ ، فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُوجِبَةُ الَّتِي تُوجِبُ عَلَيْكَ الْعَذَابَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللَّهِ لَا يُعَذِّبُنِي اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا كَمَا لَمْ يُجَلِّدْنِي عَلَيْهَا ، فَشَهِدَ الْخَامِسَةَ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، ثُمَّ قِيلَ لَهَا : اشْهَدِي ، فَشَهِدَتْ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الْخَامِسَةُ ، قِيلَ لَهَا : اتَّقِي اللَّهَ ، فَإِنَّ عَذَابَ الدُّنْيَا أَهْوَنُ مِنْ عَذَابِ الْآخِرَةِ ، وَإِنَّ هَذِهِ الْمُوجِبَةُ الَّتِي تُوجِبُ عَلَيْكِ الْعَذَابَ ، فَتَلَكَّأَتْ سَاعَةً ، ثُمَّ قَالَتْ : وَاللَّهِ لَا أَفْضَحُ قَوْمِي ، فَشَهِدَتِ الْخَامِسَةَ أَنَّ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ ، فَفَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمَا ، وَقَضَى أَنْ لَا يُدْعَى وَلَدُهَا لِأَبٍ وَلَا تُرْمَى وَلَا يُرْمَى وَلَدُهَا ، وَمَنْ رَمَاهَا أَوْ رَمَى وَلَدَهَا فَعَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ ، وَقَضَى أَنْ لَا بَيْتَ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ ، وَلَا قُوتَ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُمَا يَتَفَرَّقَانِ مِنْ غَيْرِ طَلَاقٍ وَلَا مُتَوَفَّى عَنْهَا ، وَقَالَ : " إِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أُصَيْهِبَ أُرَيْصِحَ أُثُيْبِجَ حَمْشَ السَّاقَيْنِ ، فَهُوَ لِهِلَالٍ ، وَإِنْ جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَوْرَقَ جَعْدًا جُمَالِيًّا خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ سَابِغَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ ، فَهُوَ لِلَّذِي رُمِيَتْ بِهِ " ، فَجَاءَتْ بِهِ أَوْرَقَ جَعْدًا جَمَالِيًّا خَدَلَّجَ السَّاقَيْنِ سَابِغَ الْأَلْيَتَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَوْلَا الْأَيْمَانُ ، لَكَانَ لِي وَلَهَا شَأْنٌ " . قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ : فَكَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى مُضَرَ ، وَمَا يُدْعَى لِأَبٍ .
Ibn Abbas said “Hilal bin Umayyah was one of the three persons whose repentance was accepted by Allaah. One night he returned from his land and found a man along with his wife. He witnessed with his eyes and heard with his ears. He did not threaten him till the morning. ” Next day he went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the morning and said Messenger of Allah ﷺ “I came to my wife in the night and found a man along with her. I saw with my own eyes and heard with my own ears. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked what he described and he took it seriously. There upon the following Quranic verse came down “And those who make charges against their spouses but have no witnesses except themselves, let the testimony of one of them. . . . ” When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to himself (after the revelation ended) he said “Glad tidings to you Hilal, Allaah the exalted has made ease and a way out for you. ” Hilal said “I expected that from my Lord. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Send for her. She then came. ” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the verses to them and he reminded them and told them that the punishment in the next world was more severe than that in n this world. Hilal said “I swear by Allah I spoke the truth against her. ” She said “He told a lie. ” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Apply the method of invoking curses on one another. Hilal was told “Bear witness. So he bore witness before Allaah four times that he spoke the truth. ” When he was about to utter the fifth time he was told “Hilal fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world and this is the deciding one, that will surely cause punishment to you. ” He said “I swear by Allaah. Allah will not punish me for this (act), as He did not cause me to be flogged for this (act). ” So he bore witness a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on him if he was of those who tell a lie. Then the people said to her, Testify. So she gave testimony before Allaah that he was a liar. When she was going to testify the fifth time she was told “Fear Allah, for the punishment in this world is easier than that in the next world. This is the deciding one that will surely cause punishment to you. ” She hesitated for a moment. And then said “By Allah, I will not disgrace my people. ” So she testified a fifth time invoking the curse of Allah on her if he spoke the truth. Messenger of Allah ﷺ separated them from each other and decided that the child will not be attributed to its father. Neither she nor her child will be accused of adultery. He who accuses her or her child will be liable to punishment. He also decided that there will be no dwelling and maintenance for her (from the husband) as they were separated without divorce and death. He then said “If she gives birth to a child with reddish hair, light buttocks, wide belly and light shins he will be the child of Hilal. If she bears a dusky child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks he will be the child of the one who was accused of adultery. She gave birth to a child with curly hair, fat limbs, fat shins and fat buttocks. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said “Had there been no oaths, I would have dealt with her severely. ” Ikrimah said “Later on he became the chief of the tribe of Mudar. He was not attributed to his father. ”
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊
This narration is weak.
Mudhar (which is in our copy) has been understood as Mudhar by the author of ‘Awn and the author of ‘Badh’.
This meaning has been adopted in the translation.
However, in some manuscripts of Abu Dawud, it is “Misr”, which means that this child, after becoming evil, became the ruler of a city.
See: (Sunan Abi Dawud, edited by Muhammad ‘Awwamah: 1003, Dar al-Qiblah li-Thaqafat al-Islamiyyah, Jeddah)
➋
There is a difference of opinion regarding the verse of li‘an (mutual cursing) as to whether this verse was revealed for Hilal ibn Umayyah or for ‘Uwaymir al-‘Ajlani. According to the majority of scholars, this verse was revealed for Hilal ibn Umayyah because the first li‘an in Islam occurred with Hilal ibn Umayyah, while some scholars have said that perhaps both had asked about this issue and then the verse was revealed.
Wallahu a‘lam (And Allah knows best).
➊
This narration is weak.
Mudhar (which is in our copy) has been understood as Mudhar by the author of ‘Awn and the author of ‘Badh’.
This meaning has been adopted in the translation.
However, in some manuscripts of Abu Dawud, it is “Misr”, which means that this child, after becoming evil, became the ruler of a city.
See: (Sunan Abi Dawud, edited by Muhammad ‘Awwamah: 1003, Dar al-Qiblah li-Thaqafat al-Islamiyyah, Jeddah)
➋
There is a difference of opinion regarding the verse of li‘an (mutual cursing) as to whether this verse was revealed for Hilal ibn Umayyah or for ‘Uwaymir al-‘Ajlani. According to the majority of scholars, this verse was revealed for Hilal ibn Umayyah because the first li‘an in Islam occurred with Hilal ibn Umayyah, while some scholars have said that perhaps both had asked about this issue and then the verse was revealed.
Wallahu a‘lam (And Allah knows best).
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2256
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
How superficial is man, that he considers the matter of the Hereafter to be distant and hidden; yet it is only through the light of faith (iman) that these distances are bridged.
How superficial is man, that he considers the matter of the Hereafter to be distant and hidden; yet it is only through the light of faith (iman) that these distances are bridged.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2254
