سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب تفريع أبواب الطلاقDivorce (Kitab Al-Talaq)
باب فِي الظِّهَارِChapter: Regarding Az-Zihar.
Hadith 2225
اُردوEn
قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وسَمِعْت مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عِيسَى يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ الْحَكَمَ بْنَ أَبَانَ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ ، وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ، عَنْ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبَانَ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
Abu Dawud said “I heard Muhammad bin Isa narrating this tradition who said Mu’tamar narrated it to us. And he (Mu’tamar) said “ I heard Al Hakam bin Aban narrating this tradition. He did not mention the name of Ibn Abbas. Abu Dawud said “Al Hussain bin Huraith wrote to me saying “Al Fadl bin Musa narrated from Ibn Abbas to the same effect from the Prophet ﷺ.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ In the case of zihar, it is obligatory to pay the expiation (kafarah) before engaging in intercourse.
➋ As has already been mentioned in the verses of Surah Al-Mujadilah.
➌ However, if someone engages in intercourse before paying the expiation, he will still have to pay the same expiation, but in this case, he will be considered as having opposed the command of Allah.
➍ Allah Ta’ala has stated regarding the expiation of zihar that one should free a slave; if this is not possible, then he should fast for two consecutive months; if he is unable to do this, then he should feed sixty needy people.
➎ In this verse, the command to feed is given in general terms, without specifying the amount.
➏ However, in the hadiths, different weights regarding the amount have been mentioned. For example, the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered Salamah bin Sakhr al-Bayadi (radi Allahu anhu) to distribute one wasq (sixty sa‘) of dates among sixty needy people.
➐ According to the scholars of hadith, this narration is of the level of hasan, and in another narration regarding Aws bin Samit, it is mentioned that a basket of dates was given as expiation for zihar on his behalf.
➑ This basket of dates was given as expiation for zihar.
➒ There is also a difference of opinion regarding the weight of this basket.
➓ In some narrations, its weight is mentioned as sixty sa‘, in some as thirty sa‘, and in some narrations as fifteen sa‘.
⓫ However, Shaykh al-Albani (rahimahullah) has considered the narration mentioning fifteen sa‘ as the preferred one.
⓬ He has declared the wordings of sixty and thirty sa‘ regarding the weight of this basket as not authentic.
⓭ See Sahih Sunan Abi Dawud, Hadith: 2215, 2214.
⓮ Therefore, from this discussion it is understood that according to the first-mentioned narration, one wasq, and according to the second narration, fifteen sa‘ of food can be distributed among the needy as expiation.
⓯ The reconciliation between these two narrations is that if someone is living in poverty and hardship, he should pay at least fifteen sa‘ as expiation, and if Allah Ta’ala has granted someone abundance in wealth and riches, then he should pay one wasq (sixty sa‘) as expiation.
⓰ And Allah knows best.
➊ In the case of zihar, it is obligatory to pay the expiation (kafarah) before engaging in intercourse.
➋ As has already been mentioned in the verses of Surah Al-Mujadilah.
➌ However, if someone engages in intercourse before paying the expiation, he will still have to pay the same expiation, but in this case, he will be considered as having opposed the command of Allah.
➍ Allah Ta’ala has stated regarding the expiation of zihar that one should free a slave; if this is not possible, then he should fast for two consecutive months; if he is unable to do this, then he should feed sixty needy people.
➎ In this verse, the command to feed is given in general terms, without specifying the amount.
➏ However, in the hadiths, different weights regarding the amount have been mentioned. For example, the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered Salamah bin Sakhr al-Bayadi (radi Allahu anhu) to distribute one wasq (sixty sa‘) of dates among sixty needy people.
➐ According to the scholars of hadith, this narration is of the level of hasan, and in another narration regarding Aws bin Samit, it is mentioned that a basket of dates was given as expiation for zihar on his behalf.
➑ This basket of dates was given as expiation for zihar.
➒ There is also a difference of opinion regarding the weight of this basket.
➓ In some narrations, its weight is mentioned as sixty sa‘, in some as thirty sa‘, and in some narrations as fifteen sa‘.
⓫ However, Shaykh al-Albani (rahimahullah) has considered the narration mentioning fifteen sa‘ as the preferred one.
⓬ He has declared the wordings of sixty and thirty sa‘ regarding the weight of this basket as not authentic.
⓭ See Sahih Sunan Abi Dawud, Hadith: 2215, 2214.
⓮ Therefore, from this discussion it is understood that according to the first-mentioned narration, one wasq, and according to the second narration, fifteen sa‘ of food can be distributed among the needy as expiation.
⓯ The reconciliation between these two narrations is that if someone is living in poverty and hardship, he should pay at least fifteen sa‘ as expiation, and if Allah Ta’ala has granted someone abundance in wealth and riches, then he should pay one wasq (sixty sa‘) as expiation.
⓰ And Allah knows best.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2225
