حَدَّثَنَا
الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا
يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ ، حَدَّثَنَا
ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ
مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ
مَعْمَرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ ، عَنْ
يُوسُفَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ ، عَنْ
خُوَيْلَةَ بِنْتِ مَالِكِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ ، قَالَتْ : ظَاهَرَ مِنِّي زَوْجِي أَوْسُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ ، فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشْكُو إِلَيْهِ ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُجَادِلُنِي فِيهِ ، وَيَقُولُ : " اتَّقِي اللَّهَ ، فَإِنَّهُ ابْنُ عَمِّكِ " ، فَمَا بَرِحْتُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ : قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِي تُجَادِلُكَ فِي زَوْجِهَا سورة المجادلة آية 1 إِلَى الْفَرْضِ ، فَقَالَ : " يُعْتِقُ رَقَبَةً " ، قَالَتْ : لَا يَجِدُ ، قَالَ : " فَيَصُومُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ " ، قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، إِنَّهُ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ مَا بِهِ مِنْ صِيَامٍ ، قَالَ : " فَلْيُطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا " ، قَالَتْ : مَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ يَتَصَدَّقُ بِهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَأُتِيَ سَاعَتَئِذٍ بِعَرَقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَإِنِّي أُعِينُهُ بِعَرَقٍ آخَرَ ، قَالَ : " قَدْ أَحْسَنْتِ ، اذْهَبِي فَأَطْعِمِي بِهَا عَنْهُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا وَارْجِعِي إِلَى ابْنِ عَمِّكِ " ، قَالَ : وَالْعَرَقُ سِتُّونَ صَاعًا . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد فِي هَذَا : إِنَّهَا كَفَّرَتْ عَنْهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَنْ تَسْتَأْمِرَهُ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَهَذَا أَخُو عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ .
Narrated Khuwaylah, daughter of Malik ibn Thalabah: My husband, Aws ibn as-Samit, pronounced the words: You are like my mother. So I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, complaining to him about my husband. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disputed with me and said: Remain dutiful to Allah; he is your cousin. I continued (complaining) until the Quranic verse came down: "Certainly has Allah heard the speech of the one who argues with you, [O Muhammad], concerning her husband. . . " [58: 1] till the prescription of expiation. He then said: He should set free a slave. She said: He cannot afford it. He said: He should fast for two consecutive months. She said: Messenger of Allah, he is an old man; he cannot keep fasts. He said: He should feed sixty poor people. She said: He has nothing which he may give in alms. At that moment an araq (i. e. date-basket holding fifteen or sixteen sa's) was brought to him. I said: I shall help him with another date-basked ('araq). He said: You have done well. Go and feed sixty poor people on his behalf, and return to your cousin. The narrator said: An araq holds sixty sa's of dates. Abu Dawud said: She atoned on his behalf without seeking his permission. Abu Dawud said: This man (Aws bin al-Samit) is the brother of Ubadah bin al-Samit.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊
The reason for the revelation (shan-e-nuzul) of Surah Mujadilah and the verses regarding the expiation (kafarah) of zihar is precisely this incident.
➋
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) does not declare any religious matter from his own desire; rather, everything is revelation from Allah, the Mighty and Majestic.
: (And he does not speak from [his own] desire. It is not but a revelation revealed) (An-Najm)
➌
If the financial expiation (kafarah) is paid on behalf of a Muslim by someone else, it is permissible and also a source of reward.
➍
If a wife gives charity (sadaqah) or obligatory alms (zakat) to her husband who is financially needy, it is permissible; however, the husband cannot give it to his wife.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2214