سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب النكاحMarriage (Kitab Al-Nikah)
باب فِيمَنْ تَزَوَّجَ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ صَدَاقًا حَتَّى مَاتَChapter: Regarding One Who Married Without Specifying The Dowry And Then Died.
Hadith 2116
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ خِلَاسٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ أُتِيَ فِي رَجُلٍ بِهَذَا الْخَبَرِ ، قَالَ : " فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ شَهْرًا ، أَوْ قَالَ : مَرَّاتٍ ، قَالَ : فَإِنِّي أَقُولُ فِيهَا : إِنَّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا كَصَدَاقِ نِسَائِهَا لَا وَكْسَ وَلَا شَطَطَ ، وَإِنَّ لَهَا الْمِيرَاثَ وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ ، فَإِنْ يَكُ صَوَابًا فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ، وَإِنْ يَكُنْ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ ، وَاللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ بَرِيئَانِ ، فَقَامَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فِيهِمْ الْجَرَّاحُ وَ أَبُو سِنَانٍ ، فَقَالُوا : يَا ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ ، نَحْنُ نَشْهَدُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَاهَا فِينَا فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ ، وَإِنَّ زَوْجَهَا هِلَالُ بْنُ مُرَّةَ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ كَمَا قَضَيْتَ ، قَالَ : فَفَرِحَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فَرَحًا شَدِيدًا حِينَ وَافَقَ قَضَاؤُهُ قَضَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Masud: Abdullah ibn Utbah ibn Masud said: Abdullah ibn Masud was informed of this story of a man. The people continued to visit him for a month or visited him many times (the narrator was not sure). He said: In this matter I hold the opinion that she should receive the type of dower given to women of her class with no diminution or excess, observe the waiting period ('iddah) and have her share of inheritance. If it is erroneous, that is from me and from Satan. Allah and His Messenger are free from its responsibility. Some people from Ashja got up; among them were al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan. They said: Ibn Masud, we bear witness that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave a decision for us regarding Birwa, daughter of Washiq, to the same effect as the decision you have given. Her husband was Hilal ibn Murrah al-Ashjai. Thereupon Abdullah ibn Masud was very pleased when his decision agreed with the decision of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
➊ Every Muslim should refer to trustworthy scholars regarding important matters, and it is also obligatory upon the scholar to reflect thoroughly before issuing a fatwa or making a decision. As much as possible, he should avoid giving a verdict based solely on his own opinion, and if he does, he should be certain of the likelihood of its correctness.
➋ If a person adopts the Qur’an and Sunnah as his guide, then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, grants him guidance in difficult matters. This was the case with Abdullah ibn Mas’ud radi Allahu anhu and all the eminent Companions, as well as the jurists of Islam, who are the righteous predecessors (salaf salih) of the Muslim Ummah.
➌ If the dower (mahr) is not stipulated at the time of marriage (nikah), the marriage is still valid. However, the equivalent dower (mahr mithl) will become obligatory.
➍ A woman with whom her husband did not consummate the marriage must still observe the waiting period (‘iddah) of death upon her husband’s demise, out of respect and right for the husband, not due to the suspicion of pregnancy.
➊ Every Muslim should refer to trustworthy scholars regarding important matters, and it is also obligatory upon the scholar to reflect thoroughly before issuing a fatwa or making a decision. As much as possible, he should avoid giving a verdict based solely on his own opinion, and if he does, he should be certain of the likelihood of its correctness.
➋ If a person adopts the Qur’an and Sunnah as his guide, then Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, grants him guidance in difficult matters. This was the case with Abdullah ibn Mas’ud radi Allahu anhu and all the eminent Companions, as well as the jurists of Islam, who are the righteous predecessors (salaf salih) of the Muslim Ummah.
➌ If the dower (mahr) is not stipulated at the time of marriage (nikah), the marriage is still valid. However, the equivalent dower (mahr mithl) will become obligatory.
➍ A woman with whom her husband did not consummate the marriage must still observe the waiting period (‘iddah) of death upon her husband’s demise, out of respect and right for the husband, not due to the suspicion of pregnancy.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2116
