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سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الزكاةZakat (Kitab Al-Zakat)
باب فِي الرُّخْصَةِ فِي ذَلِكَChapter: Concession For Giving All The Property As Sadaqah.
Hadith 1678
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ، وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ وَهَذَا حَدِيثُهُ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، يَقُولُ : أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَوْمًا أَنْ نَتَصَدَّقَ ، فَوَافَقَ ذَلِكَ مَالًا عِنْدِي ، فَقُلْتُ : الْيَوْمَ أَسْبِقُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنْ سَبَقْتُهُ يَوْمًا فَجِئْتُ بِنِصْفِ مَالِي ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا أَبْقَيْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ ؟ " قُلْتُ : مِثْلَهُ ، قَالَ : وَأَتَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِكُلِّ مَا عِنْدَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا أَبْقَيْتَ لِأَهْلِكَ ؟ " قَالَ : أَبْقَيْتُ لَهُمُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ ، قُلْتُ : لَا أُسَابِقُكَ إِلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا .
Narrated Umar ibn al-Khattab: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us one day to give sadaqah. At that time I had some property. I said: Today I shall surpass Abu Bakr if I surpass him any day. I, therefore, brought half my property. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked: What did you leave for your family? I replied: The same amount. Abu Bakr brought all that he had with him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him: What did you leave for your family? He replied: I left Allah and His Messenger for them. I said: I shall never compete you in anything.
Related hadith on this topic
Brief Explanation
1؎: From the hadiths of the previous chapter, it is established that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) forbade giving away all of one’s wealth in the path of Allah, whereas from the hadith of this chapter, it is evident that Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu) gave all his wealth in the path of Allah, and this became a cause of his virtue and greatness. The answer given to this is that the prohibition is for those people whose reliance and trust (tawakkul) are weak, and who, after giving away their wealth, become distressed by poverty and feel regret and shame. However, on the contrary, if a person possesses the zeal and trust in Allah like Abu Bakr (radi Allahu anhu), then there is no harm in this action for him; rather, it will be a source of goodness and blessing, insha Allah.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
1678. Commentary:
➊ Those individuals who are reliant upon Allah (mutawakkil) and content at heart (ghani al-qalb), such that they can willingly accept and endure the poverty that may result from giving away all their wealth in charity, are permitted to perform such an act. Otherwise, for the general people, the same ruling applies as has been mentioned in Hadith 1676 and its benefits. Furthermore, in this very hadith, there is mention of the virtue of the two companions (sahibayn) and the superiority (afzaliyyah) of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu.
➋ This hadith indicates the desirability of competing and striving with one another in acts of righteousness.
➊ Those individuals who are reliant upon Allah (mutawakkil) and content at heart (ghani al-qalb), such that they can willingly accept and endure the poverty that may result from giving away all their wealth in charity, are permitted to perform such an act. Otherwise, for the general people, the same ruling applies as has been mentioned in Hadith 1676 and its benefits. Furthermore, in this very hadith, there is mention of the virtue of the two companions (sahibayn) and the superiority (afzaliyyah) of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu.
➋ This hadith indicates the desirability of competing and striving with one another in acts of righteousness.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 1678
Shaykh Mubashshir Ahmad Rabbani
Benefits and Issues
The commentators of hadith have explained this statement of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu «ابقيت لهم الله و رسوله» with reference to «رضا هما», meaning: "The pleasure of Allah and His Messenger." As mentioned by Mulla Ali Qari Hanafi in Mirqat, his commentary on Mishkat [10/ 379], and by Allamah Abdur Rahman Muhaddith Mubarakpuri in Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi [10/ 154].
↰ Therefore, it is not correct to misrepresent this statement. Every Muslim loves Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and prefers to do those deeds which Allah has approved or which His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has approved. Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, who held the rank of Siddiqiyyah, when he gave everything in charity, he did so out of love for Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In the same way, he said that he left in his house only the pleasure of Allah and His Messenger. And Allah knows best!
The commentators of hadith have explained this statement of Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu «ابقيت لهم الله و رسوله» with reference to «رضا هما», meaning: "The pleasure of Allah and His Messenger." As mentioned by Mulla Ali Qari Hanafi in Mirqat, his commentary on Mishkat [10/ 379], and by Allamah Abdur Rahman Muhaddith Mubarakpuri in Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi [10/ 154].
↰ Therefore, it is not correct to misrepresent this statement. Every Muslim loves Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and prefers to do those deeds which Allah has approved or which His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has approved. Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, who held the rank of Siddiqiyyah, when he gave everything in charity, he did so out of love for Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In the same way, he said that he left in his house only the pleasure of Allah and His Messenger. And Allah knows best!
Source: Ahkam wa Masail, Page: 25
