سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب الزكاةZakat (Kitab Al-Zakat)
باب مَنْ يُعْطَى مِنَ الصَّدَقَةِ وَحَدِّ الْغِنَىChapter: To Whom Zakat Is To Be Paid And The Definition Of A Wealthy Person.
Hadith 1627
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْ بَنِي أَسَدٍ ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ : نَزَلْتُ أَنَا وَأَهْلِي بِبَقِيعِ الْغَرْقَدِ ، فَقَالَ لِي أَهْلِي : اذْهَبْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَلْهُ لَنَا شَيْئًا نَأْكُلُهُ فَجَعَلُوا يَذْكُرُونَ مِنْ حَاجَتِهِمْ ، فَذَهَبْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَوَجَدْتُ عِنْدَهُ رَجُلًا يَسْأَلُهُ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " لَا أَجِدُ مَا أُعْطِيكَ " ، فَتَوَلَّى الرَّجُلُ عَنْهُ وَهُوَ مُغْضَبٌ ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ : لَعَمْرِي إِنَّكَ لَتُعْطِي مَنْ شِئْتَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " يَغْضَبُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ لَا أَجِدَ مَا أُعْطِيهِ ، مَنْ سَأَلَ مِنْكُمْ وَلَهُ أُوقِيَّةٌ أَوْ عِدْلُهَا فَقَدْ سَأَلَ إِلْحَافًا " ، قَالَ الْأَسَدِيُّ : فَقُلْتُ لَلِقْحَةٌ : لَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ أُوقِيَّةٍ وَالْأُوقِيَّةُ أَرْبَعُونَ دِرْهَمًا ، قَالَ : فَرَجَعْتُ وَلَمْ أَسْأَلْهُ ، فَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ شَعِيرٌ وَزَبِيبٌ فَقَسَمَ لَنَا مِنْهُ ، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ : حَتَّى أَغْنَانَا اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : هَكَذَا رَوَاهُ الثَّوْرِيُّ كَمَا قَالَ مَالِكٌ .
Ata bin Yasar said: A man from Banu Asad said: I and my family alighted at Baqi al-Gharqad. My wife said to me: Go the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and beg something from him for our eating, and made a mention of there need. So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. I found with a man who was begging from him and he was saying to him: I have nothing to give you. The man turned away from him in anger while he was saying: By my life, you give anyone you wish. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: He’s anger with me, for I have nothing to give him. If any of you begs when he has an Uqiyah or its equivalent, he has begged immoderately. The man of Banu Asad said: So I said: The she camel of ours is better than an uqiyah, while an uqiyah is equivalent to 40 Dirhams. I therefore returned and did not beg from him. Afterwards some barley and raisins where brought to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He gave us a share from them (or as he reported)till Allah, the Exalted, made us self-sufficient (i. e well off). Abu Dawud said: Al-Thawri narrated it as Malik narrated.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
1627. Commentary: Imam Abu Ubayd Qasim bin Sallam, in light of this hadith, differentiates between the wealthy and the poor: whoever possesses forty dirhams or wealth equivalent to it is not considered poor, and it is not permissible to give him charity. Undoubtedly, this is the highest standard of piety. However, in view of circumstances and conditions, there can be some increase or decrease in this amount. For example, in the story of Musa (alayhis salam) and Khidr (alayhis salam), the people of the boat are described as "masakeen" (needy) in the Noble Qur'an (Surah al-Kahf). Therefore, a person whose income does not meet his necessary expenses should, fearing Allah, reflect himself as to whether he truly has the right to ask (for charity) or not.
➋ This incident is evidence that this man from Banu Asad was endowed with natural soundness as well as the blessings of faith, and the company of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) further purified him. Despite being in severe need, after hearing a few words from the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he became cautious and did not ask (for charity). Undoubtedly, it was due to these virtues that these individuals were worthy of the company of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and are called our righteous predecessors (salaf salih), whom the Noble Qur'an has praised repeatedly.
➌ It is not permissible to swear by one's age or life. The aforementioned person who swore such an oath was a new Muslim and was not yet well acquainted with the teachings of Islam.
➋ This incident is evidence that this man from Banu Asad was endowed with natural soundness as well as the blessings of faith, and the company of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) further purified him. Despite being in severe need, after hearing a few words from the Noble Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he became cautious and did not ask (for charity). Undoubtedly, it was due to these virtues that these individuals were worthy of the company of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and are called our righteous predecessors (salaf salih), whom the Noble Qur'an has praised repeatedly.
➌ It is not permissible to swear by one's age or life. The aforementioned person who swore such an oath was a new Muslim and was not yet well acquainted with the teachings of Islam.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 1627
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
(1) "Whomever you wish." That is, you give not on the basis of entitlement, but according to your personal preference. It is possible that the person may be a hypocrite, or perhaps he uttered it swept away by emotion.
(2) "Baqi‘ al-Gharqad" is a vast open field adjacent to Madinah Munawwarah, where there is also a cemetery. Caravans from outside would camp there. The narrator of this hadith, Asadi, had also come from outside.
(2) "Baqi‘ al-Gharqad" is a vast open field adjacent to Madinah Munawwarah, where there is also a cemetery. Caravans from outside would camp there. The narrator of this hadith, Asadi, had also come from outside.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 2597
