سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب صلاة السفرPrayer (Kitab Al-Salat): Detailed Rules of Law about the Prayer during Journey
باب مَنْ قَالَ يُصَلِّي بِكُلِّ طَائِفَةٍ رَكْعَتَيْنِChapter: Those Who Said That Each Group Should Pray Two Rak’ahs With The Imam.
Hadith 1248
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَشْعَثُ ، عَنْ الْحَسَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ ، قَالَ : " صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خَوْفٍ الظُّهْرَ ، فَصَفَّ بَعْضُهُمْ خَلْفَهُ ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ بِإِزَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ فَانْطَلَقَ الَّذِينَ صَلَّوْا مَعَهُ فَوَقَفُوا مَوْقِفَ أَصْحَابِهِمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ أُولَئِكَ فَصَلَّوْا خَلْفَهُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ ، فَكَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَرْبَعًا وَلِأَصْحَابِهِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " . وَبِذَلِكَ كَانَ يُفْتِي الْحَسَنُ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَكَذَلِكَ فِي الْمَغْرِبِ يَكُونُ لِلْإِمَامِ سِتُّ رَكَعَاتٍ وَلِلْقَوْمِ ثَلَاثٌ ثَلَاثٌ . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَكَذَلِكَ قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ الْيَشْكُرِيُّ : عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
Narrated Abu Bakrah: The Prophet ﷺ offered the noon prayer in time of danger. Some of the people formed a row behind him and others arrayed themselves against the enemy. He led them in two rak'ahs and then he uttered the salutation. Then those who were with him went away and took the position of their companions before the enemy. Then they came and prayed behind him. He led them in two rak'ahs and uttered the salutation. Thus the Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered four rak'ahs and his companions offered two rak'ahs. Al-Hasan used to give legal verdict on the authority of this tradition. Abu Dawud said: This will be so in the sunset prayer. The imam will offer six rak'ahs and the people three rak'ahs. Abu Dawud said: Yahya bin Abi Kathir narrated from Abu Salamah from Jabir from the Prophet ﷺ something similar. Sulaiman al-Yashkuri reported it from the Prophet ﷺ in like manner.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
1248. Commentary:
This narration is weak in its chain of transmission. However, this form is established from the hadith of Sahih Muslim [843]. In any case, these are the various forms of the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf). The imam may adopt any form according to the circumstances. It is noteworthy that even in such a distressing situation, the observance and adherence to congregational prayer should be maintained.
This narration is weak in its chain of transmission. However, this form is established from the hadith of Sahih Muslim [843]. In any case, these are the various forms of the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf). The imam may adopt any form according to the circumstances. It is noteworthy that even in such a distressing situation, the observance and adherence to congregational prayer should be maintained.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 1248
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
837. Commentary: The relevance to the chapter will be established if the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is considered to have been performing supererogatory (nafl) prayers in the last two rak‘ahs, and this is the most plausible assumption. It is as if the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) performed four rak‘ahs with two taslims, while the rest performed two each.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 837
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
1552. Commentary: This is another form of the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf), which is simple, but according to the Hanafi scholars, this form is not permissible because the subsequent two units (rak‘ahs) would be supererogatory (nafl) for the Imam, while they would be obligatory (fard) for the second group. And according to the Hanafi school, it is not permissible to perform an obligatory prayer behind someone performing a supererogatory prayer. Nevertheless, according to the Hanafis, even if this form is not correct, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did indeed lead the prayer in this manner, and the practice is upon his Sunnah. From this, it is also understood that if the Imam has to lead the prayer again, there is no harm; everyone’s prayer will be valid.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 1552
Hafiz Muhammad Ameen
1556. Commentary: In these two narrations, there is no mention of saying salam (salutation) after the first two rak‘ahs, whereas in hadiths 1552 and 1553, the mention of a separate salam is present, and those narrations are also from these same eminent personalities. Therefore, here as well, salam after each two rak‘ahs will be assumed. It is as if the four rak‘ahs of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) were with two salams. It can be said that it is also a possible scenario that the imam leads four rak‘ahs with one salam, but this is a less preferred opinion.
Source: Sunan Nasa'i: Translation and Benefits by Shaykh Hafiz Muhammad Amin Hafizullah, Page: 1556
