سنن ابي داود
Abu Dawud
كتاب صلاة السفرPrayer (Kitab Al-Salat): Detailed Rules of Law about the Prayer during Journey
باب مَنْ قَالَ يُصَلِّي بِكُلِّ طَائِفَةٍ رَكْعَةً وَلاَ يَقْضُونَChapter: Those Who Said That The Imam Should Lead Each Group For One Rak’ah And Then They Should Not Complete (The Second Rak’ah).
Hadith 1246
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، حَدَّثَنِي الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ ، عَنْ الْأَسْوَدِ بْنِ هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ زَهْدَمٍ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا مَعَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ بِطَبَرِسْتَانَ ، فَقَامَ ، فَقَالَ : أَيُّكُمْ صَلَّى مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَاةَ الْخَوْفِ ؟ فَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ : أَنَا ، فَصَلَّى بِهَؤُلَاءِ رَكْعَةً وَبِهَؤُلَاءِ رَكْعَةً وَلَمْ يَقْضُوا . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : وَكَذَا رَوَاهُ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، وَمُجَاهِدٌ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ شَقِيقٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَيَزِيدُ الْفَقِيرُ ، وَأَبُو مُوسَى . قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد : رَجُلٌ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ لَيْسَ بِالْأَشْعَرِيِّ جَمِيعًا ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَقَدْ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي حَدِيثِ يَزِيدَ الْفَقِيرِ : " إِنَّهُمْ قَضَوْا رَكْعَةً أُخْرَى " ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ سِمَاكٌ الْحَنَفِيُّ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَكَذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : " فَكَانَتْ لِلْقَوْمِ رَكْعَةً رَكْعَةً وَلِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ " .
Narrated Hudhayfah: Thalabah ibn Zahdam said: We accompanied Saad ibn al-As at Tabaristan. He stood and said: Which of you prayed along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in time of danger? Hudhayfah said: I then he led one section in one rak'ah and the other section in one rak'ah. They did not pray the second rak'ah by themselves. Abu Dawud: This tradition has been transmitted by Ubaid Allah bin Abdullah and Mujahid on the authority of Ibn Abbas from the Prophet ﷺ in like manner. This has also been narrated by Abdullah bin Shaqiq from Abu Hurairah from the Prophet ﷺ. Yazid al-Faqir and Abu Musa also narrated this tradition from Jabir from the Prophet ﷺ. Some of the narrators said in the version narrated by Yazid al-Faqir that they completed their second rak'ah. This has also been narrated by Simak al-Hanafi on the authority of Ibn Umar from the Prophet ﷺ something similar. Zaid bin Thabit also narrated from the Prophet ﷺ in like manner. This version adds: The people prayed on rak'ah and the Prophet ﷺ prayed two rak'ahs.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Safi ur-Rahman Mubarakpuri
Takhrij:
«أخرجه أبوداود، الصلاة، باب من قال يصلي بكل طائفة ركعة ولا يقضون، حديث:1246، والنسائي، صلاة الخوف، حديث:1530، وأحمد:5 /385، 399 وابن حبان (الموارد)، حديث:586، وابن خزيمة، حديث:1343، وحديث ابن عباس أخرجه ابن خزيمة، حديث:1344.»©Explanation:
Both these hadiths indicate that the minimum for the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf) is one rak‘ah (unit of prayer).
A group among the Salaf held this view.
Among the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum), Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah, and Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (radi Allahu anhum) were proponents of this opinion.
They believed that in a situation of intense fear, only one rak‘ah should be performed by gestures.
Their view is supported by the hadith of Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhuma), which has been narrated by Muslim and Abu Dawud, among others, that Allah, the Exalted, made four rak‘ahs obligatory in residence, two rak‘ahs in travel, and one rak‘ah at the time of fear, upon the blessed tongue of your Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
(Sahih Muslim, Salat al-Musafirin, Chapter: The Prayer of Travelers and Its Shortening, Hadith: 687; Sunan Abi Dawud, Salat al-Safar, Chapter: Whoever Said That Each Group Should Pray One Rak‘ah and Not Make Up the Rest, Hadith: 1247) However, the majority of scholars and the four Imams say that fear does not affect the number of rak‘ahs.
These scholars have made very far-fetched interpretations of the earlier hadiths, but the wording of the hadith refutes them.
The majority say that the meaning of the hadith in which one rak‘ah is mentioned is that they did not complete both rak‘ahs with the imam, but rather prayed one rak‘ah individually and thus completed two.
«أخرجه أبوداود، الصلاة، باب من قال يصلي بكل طائفة ركعة ولا يقضون، حديث:1246، والنسائي، صلاة الخوف، حديث:1530، وأحمد:5 /385، 399 وابن حبان (الموارد)، حديث:586، وابن خزيمة، حديث:1343، وحديث ابن عباس أخرجه ابن خزيمة، حديث:1344.»©Explanation:
Both these hadiths indicate that the minimum for the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf) is one rak‘ah (unit of prayer).
A group among the Salaf held this view.
Among the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum), Ibn Abbas, Abu Hurairah, and Abu Musa al-Ash‘ari (radi Allahu anhum) were proponents of this opinion.
They believed that in a situation of intense fear, only one rak‘ah should be performed by gestures.
Their view is supported by the hadith of Ibn Abbas (radi Allahu anhuma), which has been narrated by Muslim and Abu Dawud, among others, that Allah, the Exalted, made four rak‘ahs obligatory in residence, two rak‘ahs in travel, and one rak‘ah at the time of fear, upon the blessed tongue of your Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
(Sahih Muslim, Salat al-Musafirin, Chapter: The Prayer of Travelers and Its Shortening, Hadith: 687; Sunan Abi Dawud, Salat al-Safar, Chapter: Whoever Said That Each Group Should Pray One Rak‘ah and Not Make Up the Rest, Hadith: 1247) However, the majority of scholars and the four Imams say that fear does not affect the number of rak‘ahs.
These scholars have made very far-fetched interpretations of the earlier hadiths, but the wording of the hadith refutes them.
The majority say that the meaning of the hadith in which one rak‘ah is mentioned is that they did not complete both rak‘ahs with the imam, but rather prayed one rak‘ah individually and thus completed two.
Source: Bulugh al-Maram: Commentary by Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri, Page: 382
